Table 1 Major flock studies in East Asia, with data on their species richness and leadership
Authors (year of publication) | Province or Island | Latitude | Longitude | Habitat | Species richness | Leadership | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
>25% | >10% | >5% | ||||||
Zou et al. (2011) | Hainan | 18°23′-18°52′N | 108°36′-109°05′E | Mature | 4 | 11 | 21 | Alcippe hueti |
Jiang (2007) | Guangxi | ~22°28′N | ~106°57′E | Successional and mature | 6 | 16 | 25 | Alcippe davidi |
Zhang et al. (2013) | Guangdong | 23°09′-23°11′N | 112°30′- 112°33′E | Mature | 6 | 12 | 17 | Alcippe hueti |
Zhang et al. (2013) | Guangdong | 23°09′-23°11′N | 112°30′- 112°33′E | Successional | 3 | 8 | 11 | Zosterops japonicus (but not “cohesive”) |
Taiwan | ~24°34′N | ~121°34′E | Mature | 8 | 12 | 16 | Alcippe morrisonia | |
Seki and Sato (2002) | Kyushu | ~32°49′N | ~130°44′E | Mature | n/a | n/a | n/a | Aegithalos caudatus; 2 tits also dominant |
Suzuki (2012) | Honshu | 36°21′- 36°22′N | 138°35′- 138°36′E | Mature | <4 | <4 | <4 | Dominated by 3 tit species |
Honshu | ~37°08′N | ~138°14′E | Gardens and mature | <4 | <4 | <4 | Dominated by 2 tit species and Aegithalos caudatus | |
Seoul | ~37°33′N | ~126°58′E | Mature | 4 | <8 | <8 | Dominated by 4 tit species and Aegithalos caudatus | |
Honshu | ~38°15′N | ~140°53′E | Gardens | n/a | n/a | n/a | Dominated by 4 tit species and Aegithalos caudatus | |
Hino (2005) | Hokkaido | ~43°10′N | ~141°22′E | Mature | n/a | n/a | n/a | Dominated by 2 tit species and Aegithalos caudatus |
Jilin | 44°01′-44°06′N | 126°00′-126°09′E | Mature | 4 | 8 | 10 | Dominated by 3 tit species and Aegithalos caudatus | |