Fig. 3

Phylogeny of birds in Nepal, tree modified from (Prum et al. 2015). The number in parenthesis indicates the total number of species in each branch that are found in Nepal. For details, see Additional file 1: Table S2. The birds shown are representative of each branch; Galliformes—Himalayan Monal (Lophophorus impejanus), Anseriformes—Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula), Apodiformes—Large-tailed Nightjar (Caprimulgus macrurus), Otidimorphes—Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), Columbimorphes—Yellow-footed Green-pigeon (Treron phoenicoptera), Gruiformes—Common Crane (Grus Grus), Aequorlitornithes—Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius), Accipitriformes—Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus), Coraciimorphes—White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis) and Psittacopasserae—Black-throated Tit (Aegithalos concinnus). The size of birds is not in relative scale and is only shown for demonstration. Bird images copyrights—Pemba Sherpa and Manshanta Ghimire