Table 2 The statistical significances of the differences in the proportions of males (P_Males) among first-winter juveniles and adults in each species

0.482 (0.447–0.516)

0.632 (0.601–0.662)

6.4

41.3

 < 0.001

0.520 (0.512–0.528)

0.614 (0.606–0.622)

16.4

268.6

 < 0.001

0.433 (0.411–0.456)

0.675 (0.658–0.692)

16.7

278.1

 < 0.001

0.581 (0.557–0.605)

0.793 (0.780–0.805)

16.5

273.2

 < 0.001

0.443 (0.387–0.501)

0.834 (0.820–0.848)

16.1

258.2

 < 0.001

0.572 (0.499–0.643)

0.717 (0.659–0.770)

3.1

9.8

0.004

0.594 (0.587–0.600)

0.605 (0.596–0.614)

2.0

4.2

0.040

0.443 (0.427–0.458)

0.592 (0.571–0.612)

11.3

127.5

 < 0.001

0.436 (0.417–0.454)

0.657 (0.639–0.675)

16.5

271.2

 < 0.001