Table 1 A summary of the mean (± 95% CI) percentage of time spent on each activity, from the diurnal time-activity budgets recorded for our focal swans, together with their estimates rates of net energy gain (see main text)
Category | Bewick’s adult | Bewick’s cygnet | Mute adult | Mute cygnet | Whooper adult | Whooper cygnet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. individuals observed (n) | 300 | 85 | 106 | 23 | 444 | 125 |
Aggression (%) | 1.7 (± 0.5) | 0.7 (± 0.3) | 1.7 (± 1.0) | 1.4 (± 1.7) | 0.9 (± 0.3) | 0.5 (± 0.3) |
Foraging (%) | 41.4 (± 3.0) | 42.0 (± 4.9) | 45.6 (± 4.6) | 57.3 (± 9.8) | 43.3 (± 2.6) | 45.5 (± 4.2) |
Flying (%) | 0.2 (± 0.2) | 0.3 (± 0.3) | 0.0 (± 0.0) | 0.1 (± 0.1) | 0.3 (± 0.1) | 0.3 (± 0.2) |
Preening (%) | 4.4 (± 1.0) | 7.9 (± 1.9) | 15.0 (± 3.9) | 12.3 (± 8.0) | 8.5 (± 1.3) | 11.7 (± 2.6) |
Resting (%) | 9.1 (± 2.5) | 8.3 (± 3.6) | 6.9 (± 3.4) | 3.8 (± 6.8) | 17.6 (± 2.8) | 11.4 (± 3.4) |
Social (%) | 0.4 (± 0.1) | 1.0 (± 0.9) | 0.2 (± 0.2) | 0.1 (± 0.1) | 0.6 (± 0.3) | 0.4 (± 0.1) |
Vigilance (%) | 25.0 (± 2.2) | 23.3 (± 3.3) | 25.3 (± 3.2) | 18.4 (± 4.6) | 17.7 (± 1.6) | 18.0 (± 2.7) |
Walking (%) | 17.8 (± 2.1) | 16.5 (± 4.1) | 5.2 (± 1.3) | 6.7 (± 2.9) | 11.2 (± 1.3) | 12.3 (± 3.1) |
Net energy gain (xBMR) | 2.0 (± 0.5) | 1.4 (± 0.6) | 5.0 (± 0.7) | 4.5 (± 1.0) | 4.2 (± 0.6) | 3.6 (± 0.9) |