Table 4 Parameter estimates for the models of Bewick’s Swan behaviour and energetics with the lowest AICc values
Variable | Effect type | Parameter | VIF | Mean | SE | Variance | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aggression | Fixed | Intercept | – | – 2.09 | 0.83 | – | – |
A | 1.94 | – 0.25 | 0.18 | – | – | ||
C | 1.00 | 5.5 × 10–4 | 7.4 × 10–4 | – | – | ||
A:C | 1.94 | 1.4 × 10–2 | 3.3 × 10–3 | – | – | ||
Random | Observation ID | – | – | – | 16.7 | 4.1 | |
Foraging | Fixed | Intercept | – | − 0.91 | 0.19 | – | – |
A | 2.00 | 0.40 | 0.05 | – | – | ||
B | 1.21 | 8.00 × 10–4 | 4.00 × 10–4 | – | – | ||
C | 1.21 | 5.00 × 10–4 | 1.00 × 10–4 | – | – | ||
A:C | 1.99 | – 1.40 × 10–3 | 8.00 × 10–4 | – | – | ||
Random | Observation ID | – | – | – | 0.79 | 0.89 | |
Residual | – | – | – | 0.71 | 0.84 | ||
Vigilance | Fixed | Intercept | – | – 0.94 | 0.17 | – | – |
A | 1.00 | – 0.23 | 0.03 | – | – | ||
B | 1.06 | − 3.00 × 10–4 | 3.00 × 10–4 | – | – | ||
C | 1.10 | 6.00 × 10–4 | 4.00 × 10–4 | – | – | ||
B:C | 1.05 | – 3.59 × 10–6 | – 3.96 × 10–6 | – | – | ||
Random | Observation ID | – | – | – | 0.61 | 0.78 | |
Residual | – | – | – | 0.48 | 0.69 | ||
Net energy gain | Fixed | Intercept | – | 0.79 | 0.08 | – | – |
Random | Observation ID | – | – | – | 0.26 | 0.51 | |
Residual | – | – | – | 0.21 | 0.46 |