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Table 4 Multi-variate analysis of variance (MANOVA) for principal component analysis (PCA) for pesticides, fertilizer and agriculture in relation to the number of juveniles and the number of adult Barn Swallows

From: Abundance of insects and aerial insectivorous birds in relation to pesticide and fertilizer use

All between

Value

Exact F

Numerator df

Denominator df

P

All between

0.095

11.84

3

374

 < 0.0001

Intercept

0.720

269.31

1

374

 < 0.0001

PC1

0.089

33.47

1

374

 < 0.0001

PC2

0.002

8.68

1

374

0.417

PC3

0.014

5.26

1

374

0.022

All within interactions

0.070

8.87

3

374

 < 0.0001

Female age

0.580

216.90

1

374

 < 00010

Female age * PC1

0.026

9.63

1

374

0.002

Female age * PC2

0.001

0.47

1

374

0.49

Female age * PC3

0.045

16.76

1

374

 < 0.0001

  1. Effects in bold font are significant at the 5% level