Dietary analysis of the House Swift (Apus nipalensis) in Hong Kong using prey DNA in faecal samples

Chung, Chun Ting; Wong, Hok Sze; Kwok, Man Long; Meng, Qi; Chan, King Ming

doi:10.1186/s40657-021-00242-z

Avian Research

Table 2 List of prey items identified in House Swift faecal samples from five different nest sites in Hong Kong between 2019 and 2020

From: Dietary analysis of the House Swift (Apus nipalensis) in Hong Kong using prey DNA in faecal samples

Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species	Habitats	%FO	Location (Time)
Arachnida	Mesostigmata	Phytoseiidae	/	/		100.00	CUHK (L. May)
	Sarcoptiformes	Proctophyllodidae¹	/	/			CUHK (Jun); CLK (Aug)
	Trombidiformes	/	/	/		100.00	MW (Aug)
Collembola	Entomobryomorpha	Entomobryidae	Seira +	Seira sp. +	SL (?)	100.00	CUHK (Mar)
Insecta	Blattodea	Termitidae^	Odontotermes	Odontotermes formosanus	SL, F, A	100.00	CUHK (L. May, Aug, Sep, Nov); CLK (Aug); MK (Aug, Jan); PFL (Aug)
	Coleoptera	Bostrichidae^	Dinoderus	Dinoderus minutus	F, A	6.25	CUHK (Jan)
		Buprestidae^	/	/	A	6.25	MK (Aug)
		Chrysomelidae^	Bruchidius	Bruchidius terrenus	G, F, A	43.75	CUHK (Jun)
			Phyllotreta	Phyllotreta sp.			MK (Jan)
			/	/			CUHK (L. May, Jun); MK (Aug)
		Curculionidae^	/	/	SL, F, U, A	12.50	CUHK (Aug)
			Sitophilus	Sitophilus zeamais			MK (Jan)
		Nitidulidae^	/	/	F	18.75	CUHK (Aug); PFL (Aug, Jan)
		/	/	/		12.50	CUHK (Jun)
	Diptera	Anthomyiidae^	Delia	Delia platura	SL, A	2.33	CUHK (Nov)
		Calliphoridae^	Bengalia	Bengalia sp.	SL, F	4.65	CUHK (Dec)
			Chrysomya	Chrysomya megacephala			MW (Aug)
		Ceratopogonidae^	/	/	F, M	2.33	CUHK (Aug)
		Chironomidae	Tanytarsus	Tanytarsus unagiseptimus +	FW	6.98	CUHK (E. May)
			Chironomus	Chironomus sp.			MW (Jan), CUHK (Nov)
		Culicidae^	Culex	Culex mimeticus	F, FW, U	46.51	MW (Jan)
			Culex	Culex vagans			CUHK (Nov, Dec, Feb); CLK (Jan); MK (Jan); MW (Jan); PFL (Jan)
				Culex sp.			CUHK (Oct)
			Lutzia	Lutzia sp.			CUHK (Oct)
		Drosophilidae	Drosophila	Drosophila immigrans	U	9.30	CUHK (Mar)
			Scaptomyza +	Scaptomyza pallida			CUHK (Mar); MK (Jan)
			/	/			CUHK (Mar)
		Ephydridae	/	/	G, A	9.30	CUHK (Sep)
		Muscidae^	Dichaetomyia	Dichaetomyia bibax	SL, G, F, U, A	18.60	CUHK (Nov); CLK (Jan); MW (Jan)
			Lispe	Lispe pumila +			CUHK (Sep)
				Lispe sp.			MW (Jan)
			Passeromyia +	Passeromyia heterochaeta +			CUHK (Aug)
			/	/			CUHK (Nov)
		Mycetophilidae	/	/	SL, F	2.33	CUHK (Mar)
		Stratiomyidae	Microchrysa	Microchrysa flaviventris	F	2.33	CUHK (Aug)
		Syrphidae	Phytomia	Phytomia sp.	F	4.65	CUHK (Sep)
			/	/			MW (Aug)
		Tachinidae	/	/	F	11.63	CUHK (L. May, Dec); MK (Jan); MW (Aug)
		Tephritidae	/	/	F, A	4.65	CUHK (Jun, Jan)
		/	/	/		2.33	MW (Aug)
	Hemiptera	Alydidae	/	/	G, F, A	1.67	CUHK (Aug)
		Aphididae^	Rhopalosiphum	Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale	G, F, A	1.67	CUHK (Nov)
		Cicadellidae^	/	/	G, F, A	6.67	CUHK (Oct, Dec); MW (Jan)
		Coreidae^	/	/	G, F, A	3.33	MW (Aug)
		Cymidae	/	/	G, F,A	1.67	CUHK (Feb)
		Delphacidae^	Nilaparvata	Nilaparvata lugens	G, A	16.67	CUHK (Oct); MW (Aug)
			Sogatella	Sogatella furcifera			CUHK (L. May, Sep, Feb); CLK (Aug); MK (Aug); MW (Aug)
		Diaspididae^	/	/	G, F, A	3.33	CUHK (Feb, Mar)
		Fulgoromorpha (infraorder)	/	/	F, A	3.33	CUHK (Jun)
		Miridae^	Prolygus +	Prolygus bakeri +	G, F, A	30.00	CUHK (Dec); MW (Jan)
			/	/			CUHK (L. May, Aug, Nov, Dec, Jan); CLK (Aug, Jan); MW (Aug, Jan)
		Rhyparochromidae	/	/	G, F, A	46.67	CUHK (Nov, Dec, Jan, Feb, Mar); CLK (Jan); MW (Jan); MW (Jan)
		/	/	/		1.67	CUHK (Aug)
	Hymenoptera	Apidae	Apis	Apis cerana	F, A	7.35	CUHK (May, Jun, Oct); MK (Jan)
		Braconidae	Apanteles	Apanteles sp.	F	2.94	CUHK (Sep)
			/	/			CUHK (L. May)
		Chalcididae	/	/	F	5.88	CUHK (Jun, Nov, Feb, Mar)
		Eulophidae	/	/	F	1.47	CUHK (Jan)
		Formicidae^	Camponotus	Camponotus sp.	SL, G, F, U, A	83.82	CUHK (May)
			Crematogaster	Crematogaster rogenhoferi			CUHK (E. May, L. May, Jan); CLK (Jan); PFL (Aug)
				Crematogaster sp.			CUHK (E. May)
			Hypoponera	Hypoponera opaciceps +			CUHK (May, Sep)
			Pheidole	Pheidole sp.			MK (Aug); CLK (Aug); MW (Aug); PFL (Aug)
			Solenopsis	Solenopsis geminata			CUHK (Oct); MK (Aug)
				Solenopsis invicta			CUHK (Aug, Sep); CLK (Aug); MK (Aug)
				Solenopsis sp.			CUHK (Jun, Aug), MK (Aug)
			Technomyrmex	Technomyrmex sp.			CUHK (Jun)
			Tetramorium	Tetramorium sp.			CUHK (Jun), MW (Aug)
			/	/			CUHK (E. May, L. May, Jun, Oct, Nov); CLK (Aug); MK (Aug); MW (Aug); PFL (Aug)
		Ichneumonidae	Echthromorpha	Echthromorpha sp.	F	5.88	CUHK (Oct); CLK (Jan)
			/	/			CUHK (Jun); CUHK (Nov)
		Platygastridae	/	/		1.47	CUHK (Jun)
	Lepidoptera	Geometridae	Bosara	Bosara sp.	SL, F, U, A	28.57	PFL (Aug)
			Chloroclystis	Chloroclystis insigillata +			PFL (Aug)
		Noctuidae^	Sesamia	Sesamia inferens	SL, A	14.29	PFL (Aug)
		Pterophoridae	Stenoptilodes	Stenoptilodes taprobanes	A	28.57	CUHK (Oct)
			/	/			CUHK (Sep)
		Riodinidae	Abisara	Abisara sp.		14.29	CUHK (Nov)
		Tortricidae^	/	/	F, A	14.29	CUHK (Oct)
	Odonata	Libellulidae	Pantala	Pantala flavescens	FW	100.00	MK (Aug)

The %FO column shows the percentage contribution of a family to its order. The Location (Time) column shows the location and time a prey item was found in this study. Families that are marked with ^ consist members of economically important pests and vectors of insect-borne diseases. Genus and/or species with + are not recorded in Hong Kong before according to Lau (2019). The habitats of different insect families followed Hill et al. (1982), which SL = Soil and Litter, G = Grassland, F = Forest, FW = Freshwater, U = Urban, A = Agriculture and M = Mangrove. ¹ Family Proctophyllodidae is an ectoparasitic family of feather mites and thus, this group was not treated as a prey item

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ISSN: 2053-7166

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