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Table 5 Effect sizes for our best-supported models of Whooper and Bewick’s Swan time spent on aggression

From: Aggressive behavioural interactions between swans (Cygnus spp.) and other waterbirds during winter: a webcam-based study

Species

Model

Parameter

Estimate

SE

Variance

SD

Whooper Swans

Conditional

i

1.68

0.70

–

–

  

N

0.04

0.02

–

–

  

(i|D)

–

–

0.17

0.41

 

Zero-inflation

i

–1.79

0.82

–

–

Bewick’s Swans

Conditional

i

1.09

0.19

–

–

  

T(Mid)

–0.29

0.29

–

–

  

T(P.M.)

0.32

0.24

–

–

  

W(2019/2020)

0.27

0.66

–

–

  

T(Mid):W(2019/2020)

0.66

0.82

–

–

  

T(P.M.):W(2019/2020)

–2.59

1.03

–

–

  

(i|D)

–

–

0.15

0.38

 

Zero-inflation

i

0.33

0.16

–

–

  1. The mean and SE estimated effect sizes associated with each of the parameters (as defined in Table 4) in our best-supported models of Whooper and Bewick’s Swan time spent on aggression. Additionally, the variance (and SD) associated with the random effect of observation identity is also shown
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Avian Research

ISSN: 2053-7166