Foraging habitat selection of overwintering Black-necked Cranes in the farming area surrounding the Caohai Wetland, Guizhou Province, China

Table 3 Selective parameters of major habitat factors for foraging habitats

Factors	I	P_i	R_i	W_i	E_i	Preference
Slope aspect	Shady slope	0.400	0.347	0.867	− 0.106	R
	Sunny slope	0.360	0.265	0.737	− 0.186	R
	Semi-sunny slope	0.240	0.388	1.616	0.202	S
Distance to road (m)	<50	0.389	0.388	0.998	− 0.002	R
	50–100	0.303	0.347	1.145	0.067	S
	>100	0.309	0.265	0.860	− 0.076	R
Distance to settlement (m)	<100	0.263	0.031	0.116	− 0.773	NP
	100‒500	0.389	0.592	1.523	0.253	S
	>500	0.349	0.378	1.083	0.088	R
Tillage methods	Yes	0.657	0.531	0.807	− 0.148	R
Tillage methods	No	0.343	0.469	1.369	0.114	S
Crop remains (g/m²)	<100	0.486	0.306	0.630	− 0.299	NP
	100‒500	0.366	0.449	1.228	0.025	R
	>500	0.149	0.245	1.648	0.170	S

R random choice, S normal choice, SP highly positive choice, NP tending to avoid

ISSN: 2053-7166