Fig. 5
Bayesian skyline plot representing historical demographic trends in sampled Tetraogallus tibetanus (a) and T. himalayensis (b). Time is reported on the X-axis as years before present. Estimations were based on a mutation rate of 2 × 10−8 substitutions per site per year. Ne, the product of the effective female population size and the generation time (in years, log-transformed), is reported on the Y-axis. Estimates are joined by a solid line, whereas dashed lines mark the 95% highest probability density limits