A global consistent positive effect of urban green area size on bird richness

Table 2 Results of a weighted mixed-model meta-analysis assessing how the fit r_Z of the power model species-area relationship varies between urban green areas in different cities, in relation to continuous and categorical moderator variables

Variable	Q	df	P	Fail-safe number
Population	0.32	48	0.248	5148
Foundation	0.17	48	0.618	4979
Latitude	0.20	48	0.664	4865
Season	0.10	48	0.957	4878
Biome^a	7.84	46	0.419	4313
Methodology aspects	1.02	48	0.593	4971
Bird survey method	1.19	46	0.772	4273
Range of area size	0.06	48	0.336	4946
Minimum area size	1.10	48	0.196	5044
Maximum area size	0.22	48	0.253	4964
Number of green areas	0.06	48	0.328	4905
Isolation1	0.01	35	0.565	1654
Isolation2	3.45	38	0.987	2434
Migrants	0.69	38	0.865	3003
Ground nester	3.71	38	0.968	3236
Body size	0.12	38	0.733	2992
Minimum bird richness	0.73	47	0.697	4439
Maximum bird richness	1.44	47	0.854	4384
Bird richness range	1.21	47	0.801	4302

The Q test (Q), degrees of freedom (df), P values and the fail-safe numbers are depicted
^aBiomes with only a single case study were excluded from the analysis

ISSN: 2053-7166