Fig. 2
From: Comparing vocal structures of the parasitic and nonparasitic groups in Cuculinae
Comparison of vocal parameters between the parasitic and nonparasitic groups in Cuculinae. Both the original data without phylogenetic consideration (a‒e) and the result of phylogenetic independent contrasts (f) are shown. DF, DT, HF, NN, and LF represent delta frequency, delta time, high frequency, number of notes and low frequency, respectively. Each dot represents different species, and the data are summarized with box and whiskers plots