Fig. 1
From: Identification of vocal individuality in male cuckoos using different analytical techniques
Spectrogram of male Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) call, and measured variables. Explanation of variables: duration of the element (t 1, t 3); time interval between the first and second element (t 2); duration from the start of element to the point of maximum amplitude within that element (t 4, t 5); frequency at the start point of the element (f 1, f 6); frequency at the end point of the element (f 2, f 7); minimum frequencies of the element (f 3, f 8); maximum frequency of the element (f 4, f 9); frequency of the maximum amplitude within the element (f 5, f 10)