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Table 3 Mean values (plus standard deviations) of frequency and time parameters of trill song and warbling song of Phylloscopus pulcher

From: A phylogeographic break and bioacoustic intraspecific differentiation in the Buff-barred Warbler (Phylloscopus pulcher) (Aves: Passeriformes, Phylloscopidae)

Trill song

Population

n

tges

zel**

speed**

zeltype**

t max**

t min**

F max

F min**

Δf**

Δf max*

Δf min

f mod**

China

12

3.25 ± 0.42

96.4 ± 13.5

29.6 ± 1.4

1.4 ± 0.5

0.03 ± 0.004

0.01 ± 0.001

9.77 ± 0.71

2.93 ± 0.23

7.00 ± 0.74

5.64 ± 0.87

0.87 ± 0.37

−1.9 ± 0.71

Nepal

16

3.32 ± 0.92

70.6 ± 20.7

21.4 ± 2.1

1.0 ± 0.1

0.05 ± 0.012

0.02 ± 0.016

9.37 ± 0.51

3.56 ± 0.58

5.81 ± 0.77

4.97 ± 0.88

0.73 ± 0.27

−0.9 ± 0.83

Warbling song

Population

n

tges

zel

speed**

zeltype*

t max

t min**

F max

F min

Δf

Δf max

Δf min **

f mod

China

9

1.76 ± 0.24

12.1 ± 3.0

6.9 ± 1.3

2.5 ± 0.7

0.13 ± 0.009

0.09 ± 0.028

7.46 ± 0.38

2.42 ± 0.26

5.04 ± 0.44

4.75 ± 0.44

3.36 ± 0.62

−0.4 ± 0.32

Nepal

8

1.61 ± 0.27

15.9 ± 6.2

9.7 ± 2.3

3.4 ± 0.9

0.11 ± 0.028

0.05 ± 0.009

7.72 ± 0.60

2.43 ± 0.44

5.30 ± 0.99

4.36 ± 0.91

2.05 ± 0.76

−0.3 ± 0.41

  1. n = number of individual male recordings measured; significant differences among Chinese and Himalayan (Nepal) populations: * = Mann–Whitney-U test, p < 0.05; ** = Mann–Whitney-U test, p < 0.01.