Disturbance increases high tide travel distance of a roosting shorebird but only marginally affects daily energy expenditure

Table 1 Overview of disturbance in the study area

	Disturbance source class	Disturbance source	Disturbance events	Disturbed birds/event^a	Disturbance frequency (per bird per hour)
Anthropogenic	Air force	Jet fighter	20	800	0.028
		Helicopter	11	230	0.004
		Motor vehicle	9	1110	0.018
	Recreation	Civil airplane	6	680	0.007
	Recreation	Walker	5	630	0.006
		Total	51	700	0.063
Non-anthropogenic	Bird	Bird of prey	8	990	0.014
	Bird	Non-predatory bird	14	810	0.020
	Unknown	Unknown	42	930	0.069
		Total	64	910	0.103
Experimental		Walker	118	720	0.150

ISSN: 2053-7166