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Table 2 Univariate measurements of song variables of Locustella m. mandelli/melanorhyncha and L. chengi sp. nov.

From: Integrative taxonomy of the Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli complex reveals a new species from central China

Taxon

Duration 1a (s)

Low freq 1a (kHz)

High freq 1a (kHz)

Bandw 90% 1a (kHz)

Midfreq 1a (kHz)

Duration 1b (s)

Low freq 1b (kHz)

High freq 1b (kHz)

Bandw 90% 1b (kHz)

Midfreq 1b (kHz)

Duration 1 (s)

Duration 2 (s)

Low freq 2 (kHz)

High freq 2 (kHz)

Bandw 90% 2 (kHz)

Midfreq 2 (kHz)

Total duration (s)

Mid freq 2/Midfreq 1b

N

L. chengi , sp. nov.

0.136 ± 0.021 (0.083 – 0.193)

2.119 ± 0.289 (1.434 – 2.858)

3.557 ± 0.302 (2.972 – 4.336)

0.743 ± 0.060 (0.563 – 0.900)

2.836 ± 0.280 (2.438 – 3.525)

0.064 ± 0.010 (0.045 – 0.104)

2.234 ± 0.266 (1.795 – 2.911)

3.441 ± 0.273 (2.955 – 4.174)

0.604 ± 0.056 (0.563 – 0.750)

2.820 ± 0.263 (2.438 – 3.563)

0.204 ± 0.020 (0.150 – 0.259)

0.019 ± 0.008 (0.013 – 0.060)

2.151 ± 0.209 (1.743 – 2.772)

3.354 ± 0.197 (2.981 – 3.987)

0.634 ± 0.069 (0.563 – 0.750)

2.750 ± 0.198 (2.438 – 3.375)

0.261 ± 0.021 (0.207 – 0.320)

0.978 ± 0.045 (0.882 – 1.123)

53

L. m. mandelli, L. m. melanorhyncha

0.185 ± 0.029 (0.118 – 0.249)

4.346 ± 0.712 (3.027 – 5.825)

5.794 ± 0.745 (4.227 – 7.321)

0.869 ± 0.109 (0.563 – 1.163)

5.090 ± 0.728 (3.600 – 6.563)

0.024 ± 0.009 (0.011 – 0.055)

4.653 ± 0.783 (3.163 – 6.239)

5.925 ± 0.815 (4.190 – 7.586)

0.663 ± 0.080 (0.563 – 0.975)

5.316 ± 0.786 (3.750 – 6.938)

0.213 ± 0.034 (0.142 – 0.302)

0.019 ± 0.005 (0.011 – 0.039)

4.056 ± 0.736 (2.699 – 5.278)

5.203 ± 0.777 (3.639 – 6.443)

0.639 ± 0.073 (0.563 – 0.938)

4.631 ± 0.749 (3.188 – 5.813)

0.274 ± 0.040 (0.199 – 0.372)

0.870 ± 0.045 (0.778 – 0.985)

51

One-way ANOVA

F

99.001

442.343

408.445

54.042

440.676

459.625

451.678

441.116

19.291

478.318

2.843

0.027

328.043

281.673

0.098

311.766

4.573

149.116

 

P

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

***

0.095

0.87

***

***

0.754

***

*

***

 
  1. 1a – lowamp part of principal note; 1b – highamp part of principal note; 2 – secondary note; see Figure 2 for further explanation of terms. MANOVA was used to assess the overall differences between all 18 variables (Pillai’s Trace = 0.943, F = 78.664, p < 0.001), followed by one-way ANOVA for each variable (* = p ≤ 0.05; *** = p ≤ 0.001). Values in columns that are non-overlapping between the two species are in bold, and those that are very marginally overlapping are in italics.
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